Darlings Chocolate free essay sample

Why do you think colonel Darling chose sole trader as a form of business organization and when and why might his company have become a partnership. Joshua Darling was a retired army colonel, who returned after the army to Liverpool, where he was born, opened a chocolate factory and set up his own business as a sole trader in July 1933. Why colonel Darling chose a sole proprietorship as a form of business organization? First of all, a sole proprietorship was suitable for his nature as he could be his own boss, lead and motivate people, make independent decisions and be entirely responsible for all aspects of the management of his business. Secondly, after returning from the army to Liverpool, he didn’t have any person to trust in and to help. Thirdly, a sole proprietorship can be set up with little or no money in the business and there are no legal formalities to establish the company. We will write a custom essay sample on Darlings Chocolate or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Besides, sole proprietor is not subject to public report and the books reflecting the results of his business were private and competitors wouldn’t use it to their advantages. The colonel’s decision to open the factory came at a time of high unemployment and economic slowdown in Liverpool. Darling used it to his advantages. There was no difficulty in hiring suitable workers, so he could economize paying low wages. Also there was no difficulty for Darling to entry the market. Sales figure showed that his chocolate was the country’s number one choice and almost half the company’s production of the brand was exported. Why was Darling so successful with his chocolate business? The chocolates were of the highest quality and contained only the finest ingredients. And the reason why Darling decided to start a chocolate factory is that he was unsatisfied with the quality of it. That is why, when his wife came out with the idea to establish a chocolate factory he took this opportunity. In 1940 Darling changed the form of his business and entered partnership with his son-in-law who had been in the family for 6 years by that moment and was a person to trust in. Besides, he could invest money into the company and contribute new skills and add a new dimension to the business. Besides, a partnership has many advantages. Firstly, it is easier to multiply sources of capital. Also partnerships often receive favored treatment by the government as well as tax benefits. Secondly, each partner can specialize in each aspect of the business or share the work. To sum up, I can say that in the time of Britain’s largest economic stagnation, colonel Darling managed to set up his own, a profit making business and become successful. When and why might Darlings’ have become LTD, when did it go public, what were the reasons for it? By the time of middle 50-s Darlings’ had become a highly profitable company. Everyone in Britain knew the smiling face of Colonel Darling which was on every box. Sales figures showed that they were the country’s number one choice. Darlings’ chocolates were more popular than those of other manufacturer because of their quality and prices. That is why almost half â€Å"The Colonel’s Choice† was exported. The company managed to entry international markets, selling products to customers oversees as far as Australia and South America. As the market was becoming more competitive, Darling started to seek ways to expand and increase the company’s profitability and in 1956 decided to become the private limited company. It was suitable for Darling as it is usually family business owned by members of the family or close friends. Other advantages were that, first of all, there are no continuity problems. Darling was becoming older and he wanted to be sure that after his death business would be continued by members of his family. Secondly, it was beneficial for Darling to raise extra capital as there is no limit on the number of shareholders. Thirdly, the shareholders’ liability is limited to the nominal value of the shares held. In this way, by buying shares, a large number of people could contribute funds to the company without risking all their personal possession. Besides, control of the business cannot be lost to outsiders and shares can be transferred only with the consent of other members of the company. In 1963 Colonel Joshua Darling died and his daughter inherited the Colonel’s majority shareholding and controlling interest. That time the cost of sugar and cocoa rose significantly, the company’s sales started to drop. That is why in 1963 Mrs Windbourne decided to go public. First of all, it is easier to raise capital. Secondly, production costs may be lower as firms may gain economies scale. Thirdly, in case of liquidation of a company, each shareholder only losses the nominal value of his shares, so the property of the owners is immune. Besides, financial institutions are more willing to lend to plcs.

System Integrity and Validation free essay sample

Kudler Fine Food is a specialty food store that caters their service to a variety of special clients. Providing great service has been a calling card for Kudler Fine Food. Since their first store was open back in 1998, they have enjoyed great success. This has also allowed them to open a few more locations. Having the ability to have a strong accounting information system and great business structure in place was vital to the growth and development of Kudler Find Food. Even though their current system has allowed them to have success, there are improvements that are needed that would allow them to operate effectively. This will lead to a more profitable company. Throughout the process we have developed several recommendations that have been offered to Kudler management staff that would help improve their current systems. Offering the improvement and implementation to Kudler accounts receivable, account payable, inventory system and how payroll is completed is vital to future success. Last week, the team offered suggestions that would improve production, reduce possible threats and increase profits. Along with improving how they process items that have been sold. In addition, the increased accuracy has reduced human error and better consistent communication has all been in relation with the new developed automation systems. Using the flow chart and the ER diagram, we have helped Kudler define their existing database. In addition, using pivot tables has allowed Kudler to move away from using spreadsheet which helped Kudler management make better decisions. When comparing the SAS70 to the SAS94 we learned that the SAS No. 94 was issued to provide guidelines to auditors; SAS No. 94 states that auditing through a computer can only take place â€Å"if the processing programs are soundly developed and incorporate adequate edit routines and programmed checks, then errors and irregularities are not likely to slip by undetected. We reviewed both external and internal risk and as Kudler developed their internal control and monitored them consistency, they were able to safeguard assets, ensure reliability, ensure compliance, and have an efficient and effective operation (Internal Controls (2014). Below, the brief will discuss and display how Kudler Fine Food can benefit from using the advancement in technology such audit software and (CAAT’s) or computer assisted auditing techniques. Introduction To allow themselves to be competitive in the market Kudler Fine Food had to improve and upgrade their system software. With the advancement in technology, more companies have become dependent upon computers to be the foundation of the business. Management must understand that all accounting information from computers must be valid, reliable, and most importantly accurate. The main objective of this brief is to discuss how CAAT can validate data and provide explanations to how it works. Finally, how this software can benefit and be used in Kudler AIS system. Validate Data and System Integrity The computer assist auditing techniques can help Kudler improve the effectiveness of an audit. The CAAT’s allows accountants and auditors to run tests and monitor financial data through automation. When using the software, auditors will see an increase in accuracy and production. The auditors will run tests to check if the data is valid by using test data. Test data is a set of fake tests that the auditors run through the application and compare the results with what he or she expects (Hunton 2004). The objective of the test is to determine if the technique check data validation controls and error detection and arithmetic calculation. The test is also done to verify the integrity of the data. Usually auditors would use a CAAT called extract and analyze where they would take samples of data and test them. But now more auditors are using computers which allows them to test 100% of data. For example, if an auditor was auditing Kudler payroll the auditors can look over the payroll and look for discrepancies that may be discovered. Data query is a CAAT that can detect fraud. A data query is a search to determine if the results fit within the context of evidence of the audits. The test includes tests of controls, substantive testing, and interviews with client personnel, risk assessment performed during audit planning, and the environment in which the business operates. The auditor should consider, for example:  ¦ Does the evidence make sense when other relevant trends are considered?  ¦ Does the evidence support assertions made by management or employees?  ¦ Does the CAAT pertain to an area identified as high risk? Functions of Audit Productivity Software If an auditor uses audit production software, they should notice and increase in effectiveness and productivity. Automation of data can save an auditor time and effort. Also, the CAAT can mismatch items and regulatory issues. Another advantage an auditor gains are electronic working papers, groupware, time and billing, reference libraries and document management. Electronic paper increases productivity because the auditor no longer is spending time on manually auditing work papers (Hunton 2004). Groupware allows sharing of information across firms and between the auditor and the clients (Hunton 2004). Time and billing software can ease the formerly erroneous process of accounting for chargeable hours and compiling and preparing bills accordingly (Hunton 2004). Reference libraries have two main reasons: to locate company-specific policies and procedures, and to search for authority when researching a particularly thorny problem (Hunton 2004). Document management software that has made online document storage readily available and practical has greatly enhanced the auditor’s productivity (Hunton 2004). Audit Productivity Software Kudler could use audit productivity software to assist with auditing their AR, AP, inventory and payroll. Kudler management should keep and update records of all policies and procedures. Having the ability to access groupware software employees can share information and best practices when preparing for an audit. Kudler could use document management to have online access to documents which should increase productivity. Finally time and billing can save money by automatically updating billing information. Conclusion One of the most important aspects is system integrity and providing valid data. If Kudler uses both productivity software and CAAT, it can be within their reach. For Kudler’s continued success it would be in their best interest to take advantage of these options.

Marking Territory by Lynda Walsh and Politeness, Power, and Activity Systems by Stephen Bremner

Reading Commentary Marking Territory by Lynda Walsh is an article responding to a research on the intermingling of administrative writing-style expressions and the feelings of stakeholders towards worldly objects. The author seeks to find out the various communication challenges that the Mexican Wolf Blue Range Reintroduction Project (MWBRRP) encounters.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marking Territory by Lynda Walsh and Politeness, Power, and Activity Systems by Stephen Bremner specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A number of remarks, recorded randomly within a span of five years about the project, form the basis of the research. These comments on the other hand reveal the kind of attitude that the stakeholders depict towards the project and more so disclosing the communication styles of the administration that might be contributing towards the project’s prevailing challenges. For instance, New Mexico and Ar izona reintroduced the Mexican Gray Wolves following the implementation of the Endangered Species Act. However, it did not take long before the number reintroduced decreased by almost half. Challenges in monitoring the exact wolf-killing cases and exaggerated reports by the media among other factors are the major cited contributors of these variances. Human reactions seem to play a major role in the failure of the wolf project. Failure to decompensate for any killing serves as one the many human factors contributing to the insurmountable challenges facing the wolf project. Walsh argues that the realized death is not a product of the environment, but of the rhetorical landscape. Issues concerning communication and submission, agencies’ interpretations as well as stakeholders’ attitudes, are the major barriers of the expected success. Therefore, according to these deductions, it is inferable that attitudes towards worldly forms coupled with those towards generic forms de termine the rhetorical field of stakeholders’ interactions. However, based on the wolf scenario, Walsh’s stand that the physical environment is not a factor worthy considering is not valid given the evident effects that it has on animals. For instance, the kind of animals expected in the dry areas must differ significantly from the ones in cold areas. The author ought to leave a chance for this possibility rather than declaring it very impossible to the wolves. In addition, the fact that the wolves have never recovered from extinction indicates an imperfection in the field of communication as per the author’s arguments.Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The big question remains; is it possible to identify the prevailing barriers of the perfection, or the causes of the imperfection? Too, ‘should the barriers be found, will they solve the issue of extinction t o any other affected species or it will only be restricted to the wolf family only?’ Politeness, Power, and Activity Systems is another article by Stephen Bremner that checks into details the challenges that writers encounter in their endeavor to strike a balance between the demands of their respective institutions and those of their society. A study of linguistics was done to help make inferences based on the choices they made. The results revealed that the linguistic choices made were in favor of both the writers’ community and his/her institution of work or study. A study of these two factors based on politeness reveals power as a determining factor. People ranking high seem capable of using directive words in their dialogues unlike their counterparts who are lower in the hierarchy. Therefore, there exists a strong positive correlation between power and politeness as revealed in the making of requests. The author argues that these are not the only factors that expla in the choices made. To account for varied readers, each with varied needs and interests is another challenge faced in the process of request making by writers. The author declares the writers’ job a complicated and a challenging business. These observations are true given that every task bears its own challenges. However, the findings may not be accurate enough since they have aroused some possible questions. Statistically, before one makes a general inference about any issue, it calls for the incorporation of several parameters that can assist in improving the accuracy of the deduction. Employing one only may not be enough. Therefore, should the author’s findings differ from other researchers’ findings that use several parameters, what then should be the author’s response on the issue of power and politeness?Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marking Territory by Lynda Walsh and Politeness, Power, and Activity Systems by Stephen Bre mner specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, to make the study of politeness and request making perfect, some factors need critical considerations. However, to what extent should one consider these factors before validating the relationship between power and politeness? This essay on Marking Territory by Lynda Walsh and Politeness, Power, and Activity Systems by Stephen Bremner was written and submitted by user Nataly I. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Figurative vs. Literal Language

Figurative vs. Literal Language Learning to make meaning when figurative language is used can be a difficult concept for learning disabled students. Students with disabilities, especially those with language delays, become easily confused when figurative language is used. Figurative language or figures of speech is very abstract for children. Put simply to a child: figurative language doesnt mean exactly what it says. Unfortunately, many students take figurative language literally. The next time you say- this briefcase weighs a ton, they might just think that it does and come away with a belief that a ton is something close to the weight of a suitcase. Figurative Speech Comes in Many Forms Simile (comparisons often with as or like): as smooth as silk, as fast as the wind, quick like a lightning bolt.Metaphor (implicit comparison without like or as): Youre such an airhead. Its bursting with flavor.Hyperbole (exaggerating statement): In order to get my assignment done, Ill have to burn the midnight oil.Personification (giving something a human quality): The sun smiled down on me. The leaves danced in the wind. As a teacher, take time to teach the meanings of figurative language. Let the students brainstorm possible sayings for figurative language. Take a look at the list below and have students brainstorm a context for which the phrases could be used. For instance: when I want to use Bells and whistles I could be rererring to the new computer I just bought which has, lots of memory, a dvd burner, an amazing video card, a wireless keyboard and a mouse. Therefore I could say My new computer has all the bells and whistles. Use the list below, or let students brainstorm a list of figures of speech. Let them identify what the possible meanings of the phrases could be. Figures of Speech Phrases At the drop of a hatAxe to grindBack to square oneBells and whistlesBed of rosesBurn the midnight oilClean sweepChew the fatCold feetCoast is clearDown in the dumpsEars are burningForty winksFull of beans Give me a breakGive my right armIn a nutshell/pickleIn the bagIts greek to meFinal strawLet the cat out of the bagLong shotMums the wordOn the ballOut on a limbPass the buckPay through the noseRead between the linesSaved by the bellSpill the beansTake a rain checkThrough the grapevineTrue colorsUnder the weatherUp my sleeveUpset the apple cartWalking on eggshells

Analysis on Luxury Car Market in India

I also would like to thank her for letting me start my internship late so that I could get into an internship that I would like. . I want to thank Audi for taking me in as an intern, training me, and giving me a chance to hone my skills in marketing. My experience in this company taught me valuable lessons which will be with me even when I start my career and step into the corporate world. I also want to thank Ms. Ayesha Khan , the Assistant Marketing Manager(Direct Marketing) of the company for not only being my external guide but also a mentor. She was there to support me in all the work I took up in his company and encouraged me to implement my ideas. Table of Contents Executive summary Company profile History 1 Organizational structure 21 Audi in India 24 Reviews of Audi’s car lineup 35 Comparing Audi, BMW and Mercedes 69 Industry analysis Automobile industry in India 77 Luxury Car Market in India 80 Recent trends and developments in luxury car segment 86 Analysis and interpretation Questionnaire And Data Collection 88 Which is preferred more Audi, Mercedes or BMW 93 Why an Indian customer would like to spend on a luxury car? 4 Findings and discussions Bottlenecks in the industry 103 Suggestions and Recommendations The 8 speed Tiptronic transmission is very good, and is much smoother in casual driving than the S-tronic, and it shifts just as fast (we’ve driven both). Audi tells us that the TDI will be following in year 2 for the A7, though we’ve driven it in Europe with the 3. 0TDI, and it’s quite simply amazing. Torque junkies, you want the 3. 0TDI. Connecting the front and rear axles is an all new Crown Gear center differential. This unit is more compact (lighter) and more efficient than the previous Torsen center differentials, and allows for more rearward bias than before. Its still 100% mechanical, but uses a different arrangement of crown and pinion gears, with the addition of mechanically activated clutchpacks to do its thing. Weve driven the A7 on ice and snow, and can verify that the crown gear center diff works exceedingly well. Off the line, the A7 launches firmly, certainly fast enough to excite your passengers and others around you. In Tiptronic mode, drivers will want to make quick work with the shifter lever to keep up with the relatively short ratios and quick revving engine. Audi says the A7 3. TFSI will run to 60 in 5. 4 seconds. We didn’t put a watch to it, but that seems about right, if maybe a little pessimistic. This car is really quick off the line, and the throttle to smile relationship is very close. Merging onto the highway, passing on 2 lane roads, and just general hooning are easy, and hugely fun. On the highway, the A7 has more than ample power for cruising at legal and beyond speeds. Because of the smooth and quiet natu re of the car, it’s all too easy to find yourself clicking along at speeds that the nice man in the

Maritime Commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Maritime Commerce - Essay Example The late 17th century saw the entrenchment of the United Kingdom as the supreme master of the world seas. Specifically by 1880, UK had proudly showcased the world's largest naval and mercantile fleets as well as the biggest overseas empire the world has ever seen since Alexander the Great (Killingray 2004, p. 1). The Industrial Revolution and the expanding slave trade necessitated an increased exportation of manufactured goods. Outside UK, the rest of the world was flung in a global system of expanding commerce. All of these necessitated navigation laws, maritime trade laws and international conflict of laws to settle the increasing strife and contentions between the parties to maritime trade i.e. the common carriers , the shippers and the consignees who most of the time represented buyers or importers of products. Today, maritime trade has been complicated with the maritime transportation of hazardous cargoes that brings about degradation in the world ecological and environmental system not to mention wanton destruction, ruin and loss of lives. With the onset of g

Midterm paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Midterm paper 2 - Essay Example Unique religious, universal views are accepted as certain customs not necessarily by different views of the facts and genuineness, but by their external characters and elements, such as ritual undertakings and modes of dissertation. Under these separate views and rites, there lie the same truth and the common quest of truth. Brook (14), ecumenical view is not obviously syncretism, in as much as it can be practiced without merging individual customs. This can result to logical attempts to synthesize teachings and bring the differences together; however, the obvious conviction of the common element of truth will be an adequate skeleton for ecumenicists to reason out those differences without having to advance to syncretism. In a general understanding, of this issue; therefore, each and every custom and religion being merged should be given the rights to do what they believe is their own truth without any feel of the other religion that they are being suppressed or intimidated. Second, according to Brook (14), it should be noted that syncretism is not inclusivism meaning that ideas and forms of one religion’s traditions are best put forward if they are explained in terms of another one. By so doing, the contents and rules of one religion are reduced into the content of another one. Bringing one religion within the ideational system being practiced by another religion will see the previous religion being regarded accordingly as a low-grade, imperfect, or "failed" representation of truth and custom. Viewing this idea from the side of the dominant religion, this will probably seem like a syncretism combination, yet in particular, nothing has been added or incorporated that might significantly disorient the religion and customs into which the new elements and ideas have been included or excluded. This can; therefore, be an appropriate method of merging two distinct religions without necessarily interfering with the belief of any religion. It is a